Socialization and the Formation of Personality

SOCIALIZATION
AND THE FORMATION OF PERSONALITY
In accordance nature, humans are individual beings and social beings. As social creatures, humans have always lived together with others. Humans interact with each other to make ends meet. In the process of interaction, people socialize with each other.
Understanding Socialization
 The Big Indonesian Dictionary
Socialization is the process of learning a member of the community to recognize and appreciate the culture of the surrounding community.
 Charlotte Buhler
Socialization is the process of formation of the individual to learn, think and adjust to themselves in the group.
 Peter L. Berger
Sosialaisasi is the process of a child learning to be a member who participated in the community.
 Bruce J. Cohen
Socialization is the process of human learning procedure of people's lives both as individuals and as members of a group.
The role of values and social norms in the socialization
 Values are traits that important or useful to humanity.
 Norms are the rules that bind members of the community.
Norm is used as a guide in controlling behavior to conform and accepted by society.
 The values and social norms are used as reference in behaving in society, learn a substance that formed him, and becomes a mirror how the patterns of socialization take place in a person.
 Without socialization causes the intellect, emotions, and the human psyche can not develop according to societal expectations.


Understanding Personality
 The Big Indonesian Dictionary
Personality is the intrinsic nature which is reflected in the attitude of a person or a nation that sets it apart from other people or other nations.
 M.A.W Brower
Personality is a pattern of social behavior, including patterns of strength, encouragement, desires, opinions, and attitude of a person.
 Theodore R. Newcomb
Personality is an organization of attitudes a person has as a background on behavior.
 J. Milton Yinger
Personality is the overall behavior of a person with a certain inclination system.
 John F. Cuber
Personality is a combination of traits that appear and can be viewed by anyone.
 George Herbert Mead
Human personality developed stage by stage through the interaction with other community members. There are 4 stages of human self development, namely:
1. Preparation Phase (preparatory stage)
This stage lasts from one's birth.
2. Phase Imitating (stage play)
At this stage a child begins to imitate the role of the people who are nearby.
3. Stage Acting (stage game)
At this stage a child is not only knew the role to be executable, but also know the role that other people do and with whom he interacted.
4. Receive Phase Norma (generalized other)
At this stage one has been able to carry out the role of others more widely.
Forming Factors Personality
a) Biological Heritage
b) Physical Environment
c) Culture
d) Experience Group
e) Unique Experiences
Agent Sosialisasai are family, peers or friends sepermainan, schools and media massa.Faktor-factors that affect socialization is: human nature, prenatal environment (individuals in the womb), individual differences, the environment (nature, culture, and society), motivation .
Socialization Types
 Primary Socialization is the socialization that occurs in the earliest stages of a person's life. This socialization takes place at preschool age (1-5th) occurs within the family environment.
 Secondary Socialization is the process of socialization that introduce the individual to the environment outside the family, such as school environment, peer environment, and work environment. In the secondary socialization, resocialization process that often occurs when a person enter into a total institution is the family environment and work environment.
 Formal Socialization occurs through institutions authorized by the applicable provisions of state or organization, such as education in the schools of military education.
 Informal Socialization occurs within families, societies and other groups in society.
Socialization Patterns
 repressive socialization, have the characteristics of the application of punishment for any errors, sentencing and material rewards.
 Participatory socialization, have characteristics of punishment and rewards are symbolic.








Elements of Culture
 System or religious beliefs
 Kinship and social organization
 Livelihood
 Equipment life
 Language
 Arts
 Knowledge
Macam-Macam Local Culture
Labuhan Merapi  Traditional ceremonies
 Ngaben Tradition
 Traditional bargaining batapung maayun
 Tradition urau eras tu
 Traditional Javanese tradition
 Traditional Toba Batak marriage